A Complete Bilingual Guide

The Constellations
& Their Greek Myths

Every stick-figure on a star chart is the skeleton of a story. The Greeks called placing a hero in the sky katasterismos — “to turn into a star”. These are the stories, told with the hand-coloured engravings of Urania's Mirror (London, 1824) — and with the Arabic names the stars still carry.

The Story Chapters

Seven journeys through the mythological sky — read in order or wander freely.

Cassiopeia on her throne — Urania's Mirror, plate 34 × 🖼Chapter Ⅰ

The Royal Family of the Sky

One vain sentence spoken by a queen produced six constellations — the largest single story in the heavens, all placed side-by-side so the drama replays every autumn night.

Ursa Major — Urania's Mirror, plate 73 × 🖼Chapter Ⅱ

The Bears That Never Set

A love affair of Zeus, a jealous goddess, and a hunter who nearly shot his own mother — the myth that explains why the northern stars never touch the horizon.

Hercules (kneeling) and Corona Borealis — Urania's Mirror, plate 83 × 🖼Chapter Ⅲ

The Labours of Heracles

The sky is a trophy wall of the hero's Twelve Labours: the hero, the lion he strangled, the hydra he burned, the dragon he slew — even the crab that pinched his foot.

Cygnus, Lyra and companions — Urania's Mirror, plate 143 × 🖼Chapter Ⅳ

Birds, Music & the Summer Sky

Summer's Milky Way is an aviary: a swan gliding down the stream, an eagle rising against it, a lyre whose music once unlocked the underworld — and a helpful dolphin.

Orion raising his club — Urania's Mirror, plate 303 × 🖼Chapter Ⅴ

The Hunter & the Scorpion

The sky's greatest feud — arranged so precisely that the two enemies are never in the sky at the same time.

Aries — Urania's Mirror, plate 169 × 🖼Chapter Ⅵ

The Zodiac — Wheel of the Sun

Twelve figures standing along the Sun's yearly road — Babylonian bookkeeping that the Greeks dressed in myth. “Zodiac” means “circle of little animals”. Leo, Scorpius, Sagittarius and Aquarius appeared above; here is the rest of the wheel.

Eridanus the river and Cetus the sea-monster — Urania's Mirror, plate 292 × 🖼Chapter Ⅶ

The Ship & the Southern Sea

Below the zodiac the sky turns to water: a monster still lurking near the royal family, a river that swallowed a falling boy, and the greatest ship ever to sail — so big the astronomers had to break it up.

Explore & Learn

What is a constellation?Officially: one of 88 jigsaw regions the IAU divided the whole sky into (1928). Informally: the ancient figure drawn on the bright stars inside that region.
48 came from PtolemyHis Almagest (c. 150 AD) catalogued 48 Greek constellations — inherited largely from Babylon. All 48 survive in the modern 88.
Constellation ≠ asterismThe Big Dipper is not a constellation — it is an asterism, a nickname-shape inside Ursa Major. Same for the Summer Triangle and the Teapot.
The stars aren't relatedMembers of one figure are usually hundreds of light-years apart in depth — a chance line-of-sight pattern, drawn by human imagination.
The sky speaks ArabicAldebaran, Deneb, Altair, Vega, Rigel, Algol, Fomalhaut… most bright-star names are Arabic, transmitted to Europe through Al-Sufi's 964 AD Book of Fixed Stars.

Ready to read the sky?

Seven stories, one sky. Start with the queen who boasted once too often.